• If a stunning box is used, it should be narrow enough to prevent the animal from turning around. The floor should be non-slip so the animal can stand without losing its footing. It is much easier to stun an animal that is standing quietly. Only one animal should be placed in each stunning box compartment to prevent animals from trampling on each other.
  

• Most large plants restrain cattle in a conveyor restrainer system. There are two types of conveyor restraints, the V restrainer and the new center track system. In a V restrainer system, the cattle are held between two, angled conveyors. In the center track system the cattle ride astride a moving conveyor.
  

• A very humane position for cattle. Cattle are restrained in a comfortable, upright position.

• The center track system provides the advantages of easier stunning and improved ergonomics because the stunner operator can stand closer to the animal. Either type of restrainer system is much safer for workers than a stunning box. Restrainer conveyors are recommended for all plants which slaughter over 100 head per hour. Stunning boxes are difficult and dangerous to operate at higher speeds. In a plant which slaughtered 160 cattle per hour, replacement of multiple stunning boxes with a conveyor restrainer eliminated at least one serious accident each year.

  

• Center track double rail restrainer. This system is available for both sheep and cattle.

• Lighting in the restrainer room over the top of the conveyor will help induce cattle to raise their heads for the stunner. Cattle should not be able to see light coming up from under the restrainer because it may cause balking at the entrance. Restrainer systems should be equipped with a long, solid hold-down rack to prevent rearing. The hold-down should be long enough so that the animal is fully settled down onto the conveyor before it emerges from under it.

• If an animal is walking into the restrainer by itself, do not poke it with an electric prod. Center rack systems require less prodding to induce cattle to enter it. Workers need to break the "automatic prod reflex" habit.

  

• Animal entering the center track double rail restrainer.

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